Ultrasonographic features and risk factors of postoperative lower limb deep venous thrombosis in patients with lower limb fractures

Abstract

Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) has insidious clinical symptoms, and only a few patients suffer from lower limb swelling, tenderness and dorsal flexion pain. We aimed to explore the ultrasonographic features and risk factors of postoperative lower limb DVT in patients with lower limb fractures. Ninety patients with lower limb fractures admitted from January 1st, 2021 to June 30th, 2023 were selected. Color Doppler ultrasonography was performed one month after operation, and the ultrasonographic features were recorded. DVT was diagnosed according to the results of venography, based on which the patients were divided into a DVT group and a non-DVT group. Their basic and treatment-related data were compared. The risk factors for postoperative DVT were screened by multivariate logistic regression analysis. A total of 63 cases were diagnosed with DVT by venography, with a detection rate of 70.00%. A total of 69 cases were diagnosed with DVT by ultrasonography, with a detection rate of 76.67% (P>0.05). The concurrent internal medicine diseases, associated injuries, no preventive measures for thrombosis, operation time ≥2 h, no active or passive exercise after operation, pelvic and proximal femoral fractures, knee fractures and tibiofibular fractures were risk factors for postoperative DVT in patients with lower limb fractures (P<0.05). Ultrasonography is effective for diagnosing postoperative lower limb DVT in patients with lower limb fractures. Related preventive measures should be taken promptly to control the risk factors.